Taking vitamin B12 by mouth, alone or with folic acid and vitamin B6, doesn't seem to improve mental function in people with Alzheimer disease. Taking vitamin B12 by mouth, alone or with folic acid and vitamin B6, doesn't seem to improve mental function in elderly people.
Decline in memory and thinking skills that occurs normally with age. The recourse to HC as a medical countermeasure is associated to cost savings of 36 - 40%. Conclusions: As a first analysis of the economic impact of HC use in hospitals, estimated care costs using published national cost data supported by international research yield results in favour of using HC to treat these patients. With a median reduction of €11,030 of hospital fees in the European West countries and of approximately €21,360 in the Nordic countries for ≤ €1,000 HC cost, the overall reduction in hospital costs is in favour of early administration of HC. The relative cost reduction, as the percentage of the initial cost, is similar from one country to another and varies from 35.5% to 39.7%. Results: The analysis shows a relevant decrease in hospitalization costs for patients receiving HC of €11,798 as a median, mainly associated with shorter MV and ICU stay duration. Costs were identified in 11 European countries (France, Italy, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Spain, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Poland) by combining data from the literature and from the EU databases. The pneumonia excess costs of care were associated with MV. The retained model comprises costs related to HC administration, emergency care, lactate assays and hospitalisation stays in the different units (ICU with mechanical ventilation (MV), progressive care unit (PCU), hospital care). 
& al.) where patients receiving HC were compared to patients with a non-antidote intervention. Methods: The analysis is based on a 2017 published study (Nguyen L. This analysis aims to assess the costs associated with clinical benefits and its reduction in intensive care unit (ICU) stays at hospital. Though, the economic aspect remains largely unexplored.
Hydroxocobalamin (HC) has demonstrated clinical effectiveness in victims of suspected Cyanide (CN) poisoning caused by smoke inhalation.
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